Power

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY)

The Government of India has launched Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) to address the challenges of rural electrification. Apart from implementation of village electrification, the scheme includes feeder separation, augmentation and strengthening of sub-transmission and distribution system.

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National Electricity Policy

The Government of India notified National Electricity Policy on 12 February, 2005. Standing Committee on Energy in its 35th report had recommended that the Central Government may bring out a new National Electricity Policy (NEP).

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Coal based Thermal Power Plants in India

The number of major coal-fuelled Thermal Power Plants (TPPs) that are operational in the country is 180.

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Water for Coal Based Power Plants

After the enactment of Electricity Act 2003, setting up of a power plant is a delicensed activity. As such proposals for setting up of New Thermal Power Projects are not being received in Ministry of Power or Central Electricity Authority (CEA).

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Demand and Supply of Power, 2022-23

The demand of power has increased in different parts of the country during the year 2022-23 as compared to the previous year 2021-22.

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Power Transmission Projects under TBCB Mode

269 lnter State Transmission System (ISTS) projects have been completed since 2014, out of which 45 projects are under Tariff Based Competitive Bidding (TBCB) mode and 224 projects, executed by Power Grid Corporation of lndia Limited (POWERGRID), are under Regulated Tariff Mechanism (RTM) mode.

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Saubhagya: Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana

The Prime Minister has launched the Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, or Saubhagya scheme in October, 2017. The aim of this scheme is to provide power to all homes. The Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana aims to provide power connections to all the estimated four crore households which currently did not have a power connection. The outlay for this scheme would be over INR 16320 crore. These connections would be provided free of cost.

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Time of Day (ToD) Tariff

The Time of Day (ToD) tariff by the distribution licensees to its consumers is as approved by the Appropriate Commission for that particular category of consumer. In most of the States the ToD tariff is applicable for Commercial and Industrial consumers. In some of the States ToD Tariff is applicable for other e.g. domestic and agricultural consumers also.

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Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS)

The Revamped Distribution Sector Scheme (RDSS) - A Reform based and Results linked scheme, launched by the Government of India, in July 2021, aims at transforming the electricity distribution sector.

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National Electricity Plan (NEP): 2022-32

The Central Electricity Authority (CEA) has notified the National Electricity Plan (NEP) (Vol-I Generation) for the period of 2022-32. The plan document includes the review of the last five years (2017-22), a detailed plan for the next five years (2022-27) and the prospective plan for the next five years (2027-32).

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One Nation - One Grid - One Frequency

Initially, to start the integration of regional grids leading to formation of a National Grid, the regional grids were interconnected through HVDC links for controlled power flow. The first Inter-Regional AC link (220 kV) was established between Eastern Region (ER)-North Eastern Region (NER) in 1992.

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POSOCO becomes Grid Controller of India Limited

India's National Grid Operator "Power System Operation Corporation Limited (POSOCO)" has changed its name to "Grid Controller of India Limited". The change in name has been made to reflect the critical role of Grid Operators in ensuring integrity, reliability, economy, resilience and sustainable operation of the Indian Electricity Grid.

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National Open Access Registry (NOAR)

National Open Access Registry (NOAR) has successfully gone live from 1st May 2022. NOAR has been designed as an integrated single window electronic platform accessible to all stakeholders including open access participants, traders, power exchanges, load despatch centres for electronic processing of short-term open access application thereby automating the administration of the short-term open access in inter-state transmission system.

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Indian Power Sector: Year End Review 2021

Major highlights of the year 2021 for the Indian Power Sector of Reforms and Restructuring (R&R), Power Market Reforms, Hydro Power Development, Thermal Power and Transmission infrastructure.

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Installed Power Generation Capacity in India

As on 30 June, 2021, the installed generation capacity in the country has been around 3,84,115.94 Mega Watt (MW) comprising of 2,34,058.22 MW of Thermal, 46,322.22 MW of Hydro, 96,955.51 MW of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and 6,780 MW of Nuclear.

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Power Equipment Manufacturing Scheme

In order to reduce import dependence with regard to power and renewable energy equipment and to promote the  Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative, a Scheme for Setting up Manufacturing Zones for Power and Renewable Energy Equipment has been proposed.

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Ultra Mega Power Projects (UMPP)

Four UMPPs - Sasan in Madhya Pradesh, Mundra in Gujarat, Krishnapatnam in Andhra Pradesh and Tilaiya in Jharkhand have been awarded to the successful bidders so far. Mundra and Sasan UMPP have been fully commissioned.

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History of Indian Power Sector

Initially, most of the electrification was limited to large towns and cities. The emphasis was on supply to large urban concentrations. There was little or no coordination or cooperation between the different suppliers. primarily, the power sector was dominated by private plants.

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Power Sector Reforms in India

The Indian power sector had reached the absolute dead-end by the 1980s. The total losses of the SEBs without subsidy had crossed Rs. 3000 crore. There was little hope of any cure unless some drastic measures were taken. The sector was facing peaking shortages in various parts of the country and severe financial burden was imposed on the State Governments because of the performance of the SEBs.

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Formula for Power Sharing

Power from Central Generating Stations to beneficiary States or Union Territories is allocated in accordance with formula for allocation of power as per extant guidelines from April, 2000. As per these guidelines, allocation of power is made to the States and UTs in two parts: firm allocation of 85% and 15% unallocated power for allocation by the Government for meeting the urgent or overall requirement.

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Power Exchanges in India

As per the Sections 66 of Electricity Act, 2003, the Appropriate Commission shall endeavour to promote the development of a market (including trading) in power. The Power exchange is a Market Infrastructure Institution that provides a fair and competitive market place for trading in electricity.

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Year-wise Volume of Electricity Transacted through Power Exchange

The volume of electricity transacted through Power Exchanges has increased at an annual growth rate of 34% during 2008-09 to 2018-19, whereas the weighted average price of the electricity transacted through Power Exchanges has declined from Rs. 7.49/kWh in 2008-09 to Rs. 4.26/kWh in 2018-19.

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National Power Grid Linkages

Indian Power System is divided into five regions - Northern Region, Southern Region, Eastern Region, Western Region and North Eastern Region (NER). The inter-regional (IR) transmission links between regions enable smooth flow of power from surplus regions to deficit regions.

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Aggregate Technical and Commercial Losses (2013 to 2018)

There are several reasons for Aggregate and Commercial losses, which include Overloaded Lines/Transformers, use of equipment like lines/transformers having high technical losses by design, Low Power Factor, Low HT/LT Ratio, lengthy lines, faulty Meters (Slow/Not working), power theft, billing inefficiencies, collection Issues like inadequate modes/ inconvenient collection timings etc.

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Inter State Transmission System (ISTS)

The Inter State Transmission System (ISTS) in India has been planned to facilitate smooth transfer of power across state and regional boundaries all over the country. In this process, robust National Grid has been established leading to One Nation - One Grid - One Frequency, facilitating power transfer from the resource rich areas to major load centers of the country with reliability and security.

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Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana (UDAY)

The Union Cabinet has approved a new scheme - Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojna (UDAY). UDAY provides for the financial turnaround and revival of Power Distribution companies (DISCOMs), and importantly also ensures a sustainable permanent solution to the problem.

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Year-wise Electricity Generation in India

Year-wise generation of electricity in India in Billion units from conventional sources and renewable energy sources.

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State-wise Per Capita Consumption of Electricity in India

Electricity is in the concurrent list and providing electricity connection to consumers is the responsibility of the States and distribution companies. However, the Central Government provides assistance to States under Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) for creation of necessary infrastructure for rural electrification.

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Central Power Generating Stations

In most of the states, the allocation from Central Generating Stations is less than the demand of the state. Electricity is a concurrent subject. It is the responsibility of the State Government to arrange power from various sources - state’s own generation, power exchanges, other states to meet the requirement of the state.

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Power Trading in India

There are two power exchanges in India - Indian Energy Exchange (IEX) and Power Exchange India Limited (PXIL), where electricity is being traded. The electricity prices are discovered on Day Ahead Market (DAM) of these power exchanges in every 15 minutes time block. These prices fluctuate in every time block, leading to fluctuations in a day, depending upon the electricity demand and supply position in the market at any given point in time. 

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